1  Electrical Transducers: The Electrical Transducers are devices, which convert input electrical parameters to a proportionate load independent signal. This output signal can be either DC Voltage or DC current. These outputs can operate several receiving instruments, such as indicators, recorders and alarm Units etc.

2   live zero versions: The version with live zero output has a 4 mA constant current source to provide the zero setting. So you can set the zero when there is 4 mA indications so whenever the input is zero, the output is 4 mA.

3   residual ripple: The o/p of the transducer is always DC voltage or current. However there is some unwanted AC signals presents in the DC output. This is known residual ripple. This is defined as percentage at peak to peak.

4   limit output :The application of the transducer is you can take the output to the long distance to your control room. However there is a limit of the resistance of the wire & that is called Load resistance.

5   Output short & Open circuit proof :Similar to transformer transducer step down the electrical parameters. However we cannot keep output either short or open incase of transformer. If the o/p remains open, very high voltage generate in the secondary side, which may cause an accident. But incase of the transducer circuitry, Transducer made such that there will be no problem either output remains open or short-circuited.

6.   Double isolation and treble isolation transducer:

Double isolation transducer: The input and output is isolated from each other, the output is grounded with power supply.
Treble isolation transducer: The input , output and power supply is isolated from each other.

7   The Two –wire AC transducer: Two –wire means the transducer connect with the meter in control room in only two wires. They are not only the power cord and a signal line. The transducers use current or voltage transformers to isolate the electric parameter of the device. Then use the V/I converter to change the electric parameter into 4-20mA  and send the signal to the input interface of the monitor system by a twisted-pair. At the same time, the twisted-pair can send the power source which is 24V back to the transducers.. The power supply , signal circuit and the twisted-pair of load of  this kind of transducer make up of a closed-loop. It features in anti-jamming ability and long distance signal transmission.

8   Response time: The time of which input signals change from zero to the rated input and the output signals change from 10% of the rated output to 90% need.

9   Pulse DC：It means a DC including an alternative component or a direct current component with its amplitude frequently changed.

10  Average value and true RMS value: True RMS means the value of an non-sign alternative signal calculated by "root mean square". Average value is the value of a signal calculated by averaging the integral value of its amplitude for a particular time. The average value is usually used for quite regular sign signal, and T-RMS is suitable for the signals with distortion.

11  The difference of IZ07(27) and IZ08（28）:
IZ07 is a isolator which has one input and one output, IZ27 has one input and two output;IZ08 is a Electrical distribution which has one input and one output ,IZ28 has one input and two output.

12 The operating environment of the current output and voltage output transducers: The voltage output transducers feature in simple configuration, low cost and so on, but the disadvantage is the communicating distance is very short

13  The differences between IJ03 and IJ03A: IJ03 is a AC current transducer by the linear ratio of the output signals